Discover aeronautical cartography

Moya, Javier / Bernabé, Miguel Ángel

/ 0 opiniones

Discover aeronautical cartography

Moya, Javier / Bernabé, Miguel Ángel

/ 0 opiniones

When man overcame the challenge of rising up into the air and managed to reach a destination he himself had traced out, his major concern was that the weather conditions were not a... Leer descripción completa

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When man overcame the challenge of rising up into the air and managed to reach a destination he himself had traced out, his major concern was that the weather conditions were not adverse and they would enable him conclude his flight as soon as possible. As early aircraft could not fly at high altitudes, pilots could guide themselves and know exactly where they were by looking at the land forms and basing themselves on specific local landmarks, such as railway lines when they travelled in daylight or shipping lights or lighthouses when they moved at night. Gradually, coinciding with the development of aeronautical techniques, aircraft began to rise up to higher altitudes, even putting up with adverse weather conditions, making it necessary for them to have means other than just the pilot's sight to know exactly where they were flying. It was then that they began to draw up air navigation charts to enable them to know where they were in the skies. These were based on the shipping charts used by ships' crews to know accurately where they were when at sea. This was the origin of the "aeronautical charts": kinds of maps that offer essential data on the routes aircraft must follow. Discovering Aeronautical Cartography in a very didactic way the whole process this discipline has gone through, from its very beginnings. It helps us learn how to interpret it, its symbols, applications, etc. This book will fill a gap in this task of bringing aeronautics and society closer together, something that Javier Moya and Miguel Bernabé have more than achieved and that Aena is pleased to offer readers who are inquisitive and curious to learn about this science, somewhat of an unknown entity for the general public. Publication index: PART I: Background 1. Historical evolution PART II: Navigation 1. The concept of air navigation Determining the position of an aircraft 2. Air navigation methods Autonomous navigation methods Assisted navigation methods The flight rules The purpose of the charts 3. Structure of airspace The control of the sky Flight information regions Controlled airspace Airspace reserves Airspace representation 4. Phases and procedures Rising phase (climb) Cruising phase (en route) Descent phase (arrival) Approach and landing phases PART III: Cartography 1. General concepts of cartography Representation of the Earth Geographic coordinate system Distances and scales Cartographic projections Choice of projections in air navigation Elements making up a chart 2. Aeronautical charts Normalisation of aeronautical charts Needs and requirements Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP) Charts published in the AIP of Spain PART IV: Interpretation 1. Cartographic symbolisation Simplification and symbolisation Typology of conventional symbols 2. Guidelines for chart interpretation Visual flight charts Instrument flight charts PART V: Methodology 1. Use of cartography in a visual flight Charts for observation flights Selection of verification points Securing headings, distances and arrival time calculation In-flight: map reading and orientation 2. Use of cartography in an instrument flight Flight phases, needed charts and flight plan Introduction to the flight Taxi and take-off procedure Standard Instrument Departure (SID) execution Cruising (en route) phase execution Descent (arrival) phase execution Approach and landing phases execution Taxi procedure and docking PART VI: Formats 1.Geographic information use setting Cockpit 2. Information provision formats Paper charts Navigation displays Electronic cartography PART VII: The future 1. The cartography of tomorrow Aeronautical data infraestructures The e-paper and the augmented reality In the year 2100

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Discover aeronautical cartography

Moya, Javier / Bernabé, Miguel Ángel

Discover aeronautical cartography

Moya, Javier / Bernabé, Miguel Ángel

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